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Writing and speaking academically has a distinctive style; it is objective, formal and precise
What is academic style?
Objectivity
Use of passive voice in academic writing
Intensity or emphasis is created through choice of words
Formality
Essay writing
Essays are a common form of assessment in many college disciplines. The ability to construct good essays involves understanding the process and the conventions of essay writing.
An essay is used to assess the strength of your critical thinking and your ability to put that thinking into a persuasive written form
Thinking and Writing
Understanding Rhetorical situation
Developing arguments
Using appropriate language
Emphasizing
Creating understandable and coherent paragraphs
Connecting your ideas
Coherence relates to the smooth transition between logical elements of your essay text, including Connectives used in and between sentences as well as those used between paragraphs.
- • Carefully use transition signals
- • Check the punctuation after introductory phrases
- • Write ‘hand-holding’ sentences
Do not expect your reader to make the connection between your ideas, but make those connections explicit. This way, the reader will be lead in a logical order through your argument and will be reminded of your current theme or angle
Effects of Teacher-Student Ratio in Response to Intervention Approaches
Developing focus
- Begin your paragraphs with a topic sentence which summarises the main point of the paragraph.
- Establish your central topic at the beginning of the sentence, preferably as a subject.
- Move from old to new information.
- Keep your topics, or the beginning of your sentences, brief and simple, and put complex or detailed information at the end of a sentence.
- Place less important information at the start of a sentence and more important information at the end of a sentence.
- Clearly emphasise your more important points, and de-emphasise minor supporting points.
Williams, J.M. (2007). Style: Lessons in Clarity and Grace. (9th ed.). New York: Pearson Longman.
The essay writing process
A 6-step process for producing essays
Determine the genre
Analyse the task
Make a plan
Write
Research and write into your plan
Submit the work
- Free write (1st draft)
- ‘Hack’ edit (2nd draft)
- Refine edit (3rd draft)
- Final edit (last draft)
Gillet, A. Using English for Academic Purposes. Academic Writing. Retrieved 11 Jan 2016 from http://www.uefap.com/writing/writfram.htm Tertiary Essay Writing.
Developing focus
- Analyze the question
- Define an argument
- Use evidence, reasoning and prior research
- Organize what you write
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